Behaviorism assumes that a learner is
essentially passive, responding to environmental stimuli. The theory believes
learner starts out with a clean slate, and behavior is shaped by positive and
negative reinforcement. Under this theory educators provide students
with immediate feedback, break down tasks into small steps, repeat the
directions as needed, and give positive reinforcement. Students under this
theory respond to reinforcement, ask questions for clarity and ask for
feedback. “Behaviorism directly links with “observable
and measurable aspects of human behavior (Orey, 2001).
“Reinforcing Effort and Providing
Recognition” and "Assigning Homework and Providing Practice." relate
to behaviorist learning theory in a variety of ways. The instructional strategy
of reinforcing enhances students’ understanding of the relationship between
effort and achievement by addressing their attitudes and beliefs about
learning” (Pitler, Hubbell, & Kahn, 2012, p.57). Practicing a skill or
concept enhances the ability to reach the expected level of
proficiency. Multiple exposures to materials help students deepen
their understanding of content and become proficient with skills” (Pitler,
Hubbell, and Khun, 2012 p. 188). This all aligns with the
behaviorist learning theories. Providing recognition comes second nature to
most teachers. Great job or Nice Work! Recognition can promote student
engagement and decrease behavioral problems (Pitler, Hubbell, & Kahn,
2012). “Homework and practice also relate to the behaviorist theory and
give students a chance to review and apply what they have learned” (Pitler et
al., 2012, p. 167).
Actions are driven by a need to
gain rewards or avoid punishments. In conclusion I think that the
behavioral theory can be very useful in my own teaching, I can utilize it as
reinforcement to encourage students to do their best work and to encourage
improvement. I do feel less inclined to utilize punishment unless absolutely
necessary. I will also utilize the aspect of clearly explaining my expectations
and directions for all assignments.
References:
Laureate
Education (Producer). (n.d.). Behaviorist learning theory[Video
file]. Retrieved from https://class.waldenu.edu
Orey,
M. (Ed.). (2001). Emerging perspectives on learning, teaching, and
technology. Retrieved from http://epltt.coe.uga.edu/index.php?title=Main_Page
Pitler, H., Hubbell, E. R., & Kuhn, M. (2012). Using technology
with classroom instruction that works (2nd ed.). Alexandria, VA: ASCD
Michele,
ReplyDeleteI agree in part with your opinion that behaviorism involves positive and negative reinforcement as well as constructive feedback. According to the studies provided in our resources students benefit more from positive reinforcement than they do negative reinforcement. Feedback is also necessary in order for students to learn and improve their skills. This feedback needs to occur frequently and it must be constructive for the students’ academic and personal development.
However, I believe that there is more to behaviorism than just behavioral reinforcement and feedback. Behaviorism covers academic concerns as well. The practicing of skills and the use of technology are integral in the development of students critical thinking in real world scenarios and are applicable to the behaviorism learning theory.
Your application of the behaviorism learning theory in your classroom is good way to increase motivation and learning. I also agree with the use of positive reinforcement rather than negative reinforcement. How do you incorporate technology into your classroom? How do you utilize practice of skills in your classroom?
Angela
Technology integration in the classroom allows students not only become more engaged, they begin to take more control over their own learning. Our classroom utilizes technology on a daily basis by utilizing a variety of tools to complete assignments and create projects that show a deeper understanding of content.
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